Datasheet
The data on this page can be used to estimate the total time and work required for proving zkVM applications. We recommend reading about our recursive proving architecture as a companion for this page.
Metal on Apple M2 Pro
execute | N/A | 1.00 M | 76.81ms | N/A | N/A | 13.68 MHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 64.00 K | 851.58ms | 400.50 MB | 210.22 KB | 76.96 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 128.00 K | 1.39s | 801.00 MB | 232.72 KB | 94.04 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 256.00 K | 2.55s | 1.56 GB | 244.16 KB | 102.81 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 512.00 K | 4.93s | 3.13 GB | 256.10 KB | 106.34 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 1.00 M | 9.62s | 6.26 GB | 269.04 KB | 108.96 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 64.00 K | 985.06ms | 400.50 MB | 210.22 KB | 66.53 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 128.00 K | 1.60s | 801.00 MB | 232.72 KB | 82.05 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 2.94s | 1.56 GB | 244.16 KB | 89.32 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 512.00 K | 5.67s | 3.13 GB | 256.10 KB | 92.50 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 1.00 M | 11.17s | 6.26 GB | 269.04 KB | 93.90 KHz |
lift | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 1.77s | 1.06 GB | 217.45 KB | 147.80 KHz |
join | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 1.88s | 1.06 GB | 217.45 KB | 139.23 KHz |
succinct | poseidon2 | 1.00 M | 13.09s | 6.26 GB | 217.45 KB | 80.08 KHz |
identity_p254 | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 32.71s | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 8.02 KHz |
CUDA on NVIDIA RTX 3090 Ti
execute | N/A | 1.00 M | 94.52ms | N/A | N/A | 11.12 MHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 64.00 K | 306.23ms | 514.88 MB | 210.22 KB | 214.01 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 128.00 K | 414.04ms | 1.01 GB | 232.72 KB | 316.56 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 256.00 K | 639.01ms | 2.01 GB | 244.16 KB | 410.23 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 512.00 K | 1.06s | 4.02 GB | 256.10 KB | 493.33 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 1.00 M | 1.91s | 8.05 GB | 269.04 KB | 548.34 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 64.00 K | 383.85ms | 514.88 MB | 210.22 KB | 170.73 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 128.00 K | 454.32ms | 1.01 GB | 232.72 KB | 288.50 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 680.06ms | 2.01 GB | 244.16 KB | 385.47 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 512.00 K | 1.10s | 4.02 GB | 256.10 KB | 475.95 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 1.00 M | 1.95s | 8.05 GB | 269.04 KB | 537.63 KHz |
lift | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 492.60ms | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 532.17 KHz |
join | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 671.74ms | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 390.25 KHz |
succinct | poseidon2 | 1.00 M | 2.48s | 8.05 GB | 217.45 KB | 422.77 KHz |
identity_p254 | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 6.70s | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 39.13 KHz |
stark2snark | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 8.77s | N/A | 360.00 B | 29.88 KHz |
groth16 | poseidon2 | 1.00 M | 17.95s | 8.05 GB | 256.00 B | 58.42 KHz |
CPU only on Apple M2 Pro
execute | N/A | 1.00 M | 71.39ms | N/A | N/A | 14.72 MHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 64.00 K | 2.23s | 514.88 MB | 210.22 KB | 29.44 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 128.00 K | 4.47s | 1.01 GB | 232.72 KB | 29.35 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 256.00 K | 9.03s | 2.01 GB | 244.16 KB | 29.04 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 512.00 K | 18.44s | 4.02 GB | 256.10 KB | 28.44 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 1.00 M | 36.29s | 8.05 GB | 269.04 KB | 28.90 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 64.00 K | 3.40s | 514.88 MB | 210.22 KB | 19.26 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 128.00 K | 6.66s | 1.01 GB | 232.72 KB | 19.67 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 13.68s | 2.01 GB | 244.16 KB | 19.16 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 512.00 K | 27.39s | 4.02 GB | 256.10 KB | 19.14 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 1.00 M | 54.96s | 8.05 GB | 269.04 KB | 19.08 KHz |
lift | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 8.35s | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 31.38 KHz |
join | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 8.43s | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 31.09 KHz |
succinct | poseidon2 | 1.00 M | 1m 3s | 8.05 GB | 217.45 KB | 16.55 KHz |
identity_p254 | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 34.41s | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 7.62 KHz |
CPU only on c6i.8xlarge
execute | N/A | 1.00 M | 103.17ms | N/A | N/A | 10.18 MHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 64.00 K | 1.75s | 514.88 MB | 210.22 KB | 37.44 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 128.00 K | 3.52s | 1.01 GB | 232.72 KB | 37.19 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 256.00 K | 7.09s | 2.01 GB | 244.16 KB | 37.00 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 512.00 K | 14.59s | 4.02 GB | 256.10 KB | 35.93 KHz |
rv32im | sha-256 | 1.00 M | 30.05s | 8.05 GB | 269.04 KB | 34.90 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 64.00 K | 2.60s | 514.88 MB | 210.22 KB | 25.16 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 128.00 K | 5.24s | 1.01 GB | 232.72 KB | 24.99 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 10.51s | 2.01 GB | 244.16 KB | 24.94 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 512.00 K | 21.33s | 4.02 GB | 256.10 KB | 24.58 KHz |
rv32im | poseidon2 | 1.00 M | 43.46s | 8.05 GB | 269.04 KB | 24.13 KHz |
lift | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 5.93s | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 44.22 KHz |
join | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 6.11s | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 42.88 KHz |
succinct | poseidon2 | 1.00 M | 49.26s | 8.05 GB | 217.45 KB | 21.29 KHz |
identity_p254 | poseidon2 | 256.00 K | 24.26s | 1.48 GB | 217.45 KB | 10.81 KHz |
Datasheet